Three Suspected Hantavirus Deaths on Cruise Ship Prompt WHO Investigation

Hantaviruses are a group of viruses spread mainly by infected rodents through urine, saliva or droppings that become airborne when dried. Two main illnesses result: hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), which affects the lungs and has a fatality rate of about 40 %, and haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), which affects the kidneys and kills 1 % to 15 % of patients. Human‑to‑human transmission is rare. Most cases occur in the Americas for HPS and in Eurasia for HFRS.

On the MV Hondius, sailing from Ushuaia, Argentina, to Cape Verde, six individuals showed signs of infection. Three have died, one is in intensive care in Johannesburg, and two others are ill but stable. Laboratory testing confirmed hantavirus in a British passenger; the remaining five are suspected cases. WHO investigators are conducting epidemiological interviews, medical care, and virus sequencing while coordinating the evacuation of symptomatic passengers. The WHO’s Europe director stated that the risk to the general public remains low and that no panic or travel restrictions are warranted.

For travelers, the immediate danger is limited to those who had close contact with rodents aboard the ship. Symptoms of HPS begin with fever, fatigue and muscle aches, progressing to coughing and shortness of breath; HFRS may cause fever, headache, back pain and reduced urine output. Anyone who develops these signs after possible rodent exposure should seek medical care promptly. There is no vaccine or specific antiviral; treatment is supportive, focusing on oxygen therapy and fluid management. Preventive measures include avoiding rodent habitats, sealing food stores, and using disinfectants in areas with droppings.